P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)

EmissionsModerate severity

What P0420 means

The downstream oxygen sensor is mirroring the upstream one, meaning the catalytic converter is no longer storing oxygen as it should.

Common causes

  • Aged or damaged catalytic converter
  • Exhaust leak before or between the sensors
  • Failing downstream oxygen sensor
  • An untreated misfire or rich condition that poisoned the catalyst

How it is usually fixed

  1. 1Fix any misfire or fuel-trim fault first — replacing a catalyst without fixing the cause will destroy the new one
  2. 2Check for exhaust leaks
  3. 3Compare upstream and downstream sensor waveforms before condemning the catalyst

Other common codes

Code information is general guidance, not a diagnosis for a specific vehicle. Confirm with live data and manufacturer test procedures before replacing parts.